Chromatography: How can we separate a mixture?

PurposeThe chromatography lab is to understand how molecules with similar molecular properties can be separated with newspaper chromatography. These differences will be interpreted to see the electron tuberosity of separate chemical substances.Pre Lab Questions1. Explain capillary action as it pertains to pee and paper.Capillary action makes water draw up the paper. As paper absorbs water mixes with the firmnesss in the paper.2. What is the Rf value in a chromatography sample?Rf = Distance travelled by the solute from the original distinguish/ outstrip travelled by the solvent from the original line3. If a molecule has a blue affinity for the stationary phase, how is the Rf value affected? risque affinity for the stationary phase affects the Rf value by reject Rf values.4. If a molecule has high affinity for the mobile phase, how is the Rf value affected?The Rf value will be higher5. cogitate you are doing a chromatography experiment with a polar solvent and a molecule cont aining a carbonyl group. Would the Rf value be high or low? Explain.The Rf value would be p blood-redicted as creation low because it would tend to stick to the paper more.6. Why must a pencil be used, instead of a pen or stain when print chromatography collection plates?A pencil is being used when parking chromatography plates because the ink could take part in reacting with the substance that it is placed in.7. Why should latex gloves be worn when preparing chromatography plates?Latex gloves should be worn to prevent defilement of the chromatogram8. The sample fine thin-layer chromatography plate, shown below, was prepared by positioningting methyl red at R, sudan III at S, and bromocresol green at G. A bingle drop of severally was placed on M. The plate was put in the development solution until the solvent front reached 10 cm. Estimate the store factor of R,S, and G, by measuring to the middle of the spot.0.625 .369. Describe how the tender loving care plate shown in question 8 was improperly prepared. For thin layer chromatography the surface-assimilative is coated as a thin layer onto a qualified support. This layer substance variety show is separated by elution with a adequate solvent.10. Suppose that, while one of the chromatography plates is growing, the beaker is accidently bumped, and the developing solution splashes on the TLC plate. Explain how this would influence the results.The results would shift dramatically towards the selected solution forwards.Materials List nutriment dye solutions, 3 colors and an unknown dye mixture sodium chloride solution Isopropyl alcohol Paper chromatography plates Capillary tubes Pencil Five 250-mL beakers elastic hoist Metric ruler Lab notebook Latex gloves, gum elastic goggles, lab apronsProcedure Activity 11. Wearing latex gloves, obtain ten chromatography plates, as directed by the instructor. arrange each chromatography plate by marking lightly with pencil, a line at the bottom. Draw two k een dots on the bottom line. go down the labels B (blue) and R (red) below the dots on the line. Repeat with the yellow food dye (Y) on another chromatography paper. Prepare the remaining eight plates the same way so that you have five-spot sets of chromatography plates. 2. Properly prepare 250 mL beakers3. Cover 250 mL beakers with plastic twine 4. Prepare 10 mL of below solution and place them in the beakers. Label with the mobile phase composition. a. 1% salt water b. 1% salt water/isopropyl alcohol (31) mixture c. 1% salt water/isopropyl alcohol (11) mixture d. 1% salt water/isopropyl alcohol (13) mixture e. isopropyl alcohol 5. cover each beaker with a piece of plastic vagabond 6. Prepare 1 mL of each dye solution 7. Place one drop of blue food dye with the capillary tube 8. Do this for the R (separate capillary tube) 9. Do this for the Y (separate capillary tube) 10. digest droplet to fully dry 11. Gently lower one of the plates into one of the 250-mL developing solution beakers, ensuring that the dry food dye spots are at the bottom.Ensure thatno solvent splashes onto the chromatography plate above the initial solvent direct 12. Carefully re-cover the 250-mL beaker13. The solvent will quickly rise through the plate. forego until way 14. Once the solvent level has reached the maximum height, quickly pip the plate from the 250-mL beaker and mark the exact point of the solvent front before the solvent evaporates. (will take longer) 15. Mark the plate with the identity of the developing solution composition. Set the plate face-up to allow it to dry 16. Replace the plastic wrap cover on the 250-mL beaker17. Repeat steps 7-16 with each of the other developing solutions. Ensure that each plate is properly marked and labeled 18. stair the remoteness between the bottom line and the upper solvent line on each plate. Record this information in the data slacken 1 for the corresponding developing solution 19. Identify and circle each spot corresponding to the indicator dyes on each of the chromatography plates 20. Measure the distance between the bottom line and the center of each indicator spot (B,R andY) on each plate. Record this data in the corresponding data table 21. Ask the instructor whether the chromatography plates should be retained or prone off